Rayuwar sabis

An yi rayuwar motar tare da lalacewa na rufi ko amfani da sassan zamewa, lalacewar bearings, da dai sauransu.

Taswirar rayuwa - Motar gidaje zafin jiki

abubuwa daban-daban, irin su rashin aiki, galibi suna ƙarƙashin yanayin ɗaukar nauyi.An kwatanta rayuwar bearings a ƙasa, akwai nau'ikan rayuwar jiki guda biyu da rayuwa mai laushi.

Rayuwar mai ɗaukar nauyi

1, man shafawa saboda lalacewar yanayin zafi na rayuwar mai

2, gajiyar aiki da rayuwar injina ke haifarwa

A mafi yawan lokuta, zafi yana rinjayar rayuwar mai mai fiye da nauyin nauyin da aka kara da shi a cikin bearings.Sabili da haka, an kiyasta rayuwar mai mai ga rayuwar motar, babban tasiri akan rayuwar mai mai shine saboda yawan zafin jiki, zafin jiki ya shafi lokacin rayuwa sosai.

Yadda ake farawa

Hanyoyin farawa na mota sun haɗa da: cikakken farawa kai tsaye na matsa lamba, farawa mai haɗin kai, farawa y-δ, farawa mai laushi, inverter.

Cikakken matsi kai tsaye farawa:

Inda duka iyawa da nauyin grid ɗin ke ba da damar cikakken matsa lamba don farawa kai tsaye, ana iya la'akari da amfani da cikakken ƙarfin wutar lantarki kai tsaye farawa.Abubuwan amfani suna da sauƙin sarrafawa, mai sauƙi don kiyayewa, da ƙarin tattalin arziki.Yawanci ana amfani da shi don farawa da ƙananan motoci, daga ra'ayi na kiyaye makamashi, ya kamata a yi amfani da wannan hanya mafi girma fiye da 11kW.

Fara Rushewar Haɗin Kai:

Amfani da Multi-tap decompression na kai guda biyu gidajen wuta ba zai iya kawai saduwa da bukatun daban-daban kaya farawa, amma kuma samun mafi girma karfin juyi, wanda aka yi amfani da sau da yawa don fara mafi girma iya aiki mota decompression farawa yanayin.Babban fa'idarsa ita ce karfin farawa yana da girma, wanda zai iya kaiwa 64% a farkon farawa lokacin da bugun iska ya kai 80%.Hakanan za'a iya daidaita karfin farawa ta famfo.Har yanzu ana amfani da shi sosai a yau.

y-δ Fara:

Don aikin yau da kullun na iskar iska don motar asynchronous triangular, idan an haɗa iskar tauraro a cikin tauraro yayin farawa, ana jiran farawa don kammala sa'an nan kuma haɗa shi cikin triangle, zaku iya rage lokacin farawa. , rage tasirinsa akan grid na wutar lantarki.Irin wannan hanyar farawa ana kiranta farawa tauraro alwatika, ko kuma kawai farawar triangle tauraro (y-δ farawa).Lokacin farawa da triangle tauraro, lokacin farawa shine kawai 1/3 na lokacin farawa kai tsaye ta hanyar haɗin triangle.Idan an auna farkon halin yanzu a farawa kai tsaye daga 6to7ie, lokacin farawa shine sau 2 zuwa 2.3 kawai lokacin da aka fara triangle tauraro.Wannan yana nufin cewa lokacin farawa da triangle tauraro, ƙarfin farawa shima yana raguwa zuwa 1/3 na lokacin farawa kai tsaye ta hanyar haɗin triangle.Dace da amfani a lokuta inda babu kaya ko nauyi farawa.Kuma idan aka kwatanta da kowane mai farawa na lalata, tsarinsa shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi arha.Bugu da kari, hanyar farawa ta taurarin triangle shima yana da fa'idar barin injin yayi aiki a karkashin hanyar haɗi mai siffar tauraro lokacin da kaya yayi haske.A wannan lokaci, za a iya daidaita ma'auni mai mahimmanci tare da kaya, wanda zai iya inganta ingantaccen motar, kuma ta haka ne ya adana amfani da wutar lantarki.

Mai farawa mai laushi:

Wannan shine amfani da ka'idar sarrafa lokacin canja wuri na silicon don cimma farkon matsa lamba na motar, galibi ana amfani da shi don sarrafa fara motar, tasirin farawa yana da kyau amma farashin ya fi girma.Saboda amfani da abubuwan SCR, tsangwama na jituwa na SCR yana da girma, wanda ke da wani tasiri akan grid na wutar lantarki.Bugu da ƙari, sauye-sauye a cikin grid ɗin wutar lantarki na iya shafar tafiyar da abubuwan SCR, musamman idan akwai na'urorin SCR da yawa a cikin grid ɗaya.A sakamakon haka, rashin gazawar sassan SCR ya fi girma, saboda fasahar lantarki da ke tattare da wutar lantarki, don haka buƙatun masu fasaha sun fi girma.

Tuki:

Inverter shine na'urar sarrafa motar tare da mafi girman abun ciki na fasaha, mafi kyawun aikin sarrafawa da mafi kyawun tasiri a fagen sarrafa motsi na zamani, wanda ke daidaita saurin gudu da jujjuyawar motar ta hanyar canza mitar wutar lantarki.Saboda fasahar lantarki da wutar lantarki, fasahar microcomputer, don haka farashi mai yawa, masu fasaha na kulawa suma manyan buƙatu ne, don haka galibi ana amfani da su cikin buƙatar sarrafa saurin sauri da buƙatun sarrafa saurin manyan wuraren.

Hanyar daidaita saurin gudu

Hanyoyin sarrafa saurin mota suna da yawa, suna iya daidaitawa da buƙatun canje-canjen saurin injunan samarwa daban-daban.Ƙarfin fitarwa na injin lantarki yana canzawa tare da saurin lokacin da aka daidaita shi akai-akai.Daga ra'ayi na amfani da makamashi, daidaitawar saurin za a iya raba kusan iri biyu:

(1) Rike ikon shigar da shi baya canzawa.Ta hanyar canza amfani da makamashi na na'urar sarrafa sauri, ana daidaita ƙarfin fitarwa don daidaita saurin motar.

2 Sarrafa ikon shigar da motar don daidaita saurin motar.Motoci, Motoci, Motocin birki, Motoci masu canzawa, Motoci masu sarrafa saurin gudu, Motocin asynchronous mai hawa uku, Motoci masu ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi, Motoci masu sauri da yawa, Motoci masu saurin gudu biyu da injin hana fashewa.

Rarraba tsarin

Gyara Murya

Tsarin asali

Tsarin aMotar asynchronous mai mataki uku ya ƙunshi tarkace, rotors da sauran kayan haɗi.

(i) Zalunci (a tsaye part)

1, Zuciya ta zalunci

Aiki: Wani ɓangare na da'irar maganadisu na motsi wanda aka sanya saitin coyocies akansa.

Gina: Stator baƙin ƙarfe zuciya ne kullum Ya sanya daga 0.35 zuwa 0.5 mm lokacin farin ciki surface tare da rufi na silicon karfe takardar punching, stacking matsa lamba, a ciki da'irar baƙin ƙarfe cibiyar yana da uniform rarraba tsagi, amfani da gida stator windings.

Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan baƙin ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe na zuciya:

Rufe-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle: Ingantacciyar inganci da ƙarfin ƙarfin motar suna da girma, amma layukan iska da rufi suna da wahala.Gabaɗaya ana amfani da su a cikin ƙananan ƙananan injinan wuta.

Semi-bude tsagi: Ana iya haɗawa da iska mai gyare-gyare, gabaɗaya ana amfani da su a cikin manyan, matsakaicin ƙananan injuna.Abin da ake kira gyare-gyaren windings, watau windings ana iya sanya shi a cikin tsagi.

Buɗe Ramin: don haɗa gyare-gyaren windings, hanyar rufewa ta dace, galibi ana amfani da ita a cikin injina masu ƙarfi.

2, guguwar zalunci

Aiki: shine sashin da'irar motar, zuwa cikin ALTER mai hawa uku, don samar da filin maganadisu mai juyawa.

Gina: Ta uku a cikin sararin samaniya da aka raba da digiri 120 na kusurwar wutar lantarki, tsarin tsarin tsarin yana da alaƙa iri ɗaya, waɗannan windings na coils daban-daban bisa ga wata doka da aka saka a cikin tsagi na styrust.

Babban abubuwan rufewa na iskar stator sune kamar haka: (don tabbatar da ingantacciyar insula tsakanin sassan gudanarwa na windings da zuciya na baƙin ƙarfe, da abin dogaro mai dogaro tsakanin iska da kansu).

(1) Ƙarƙashin ƙasa: rufin da ke tsakanin iskar tator da zuciyar baƙin ƙarfe na python.

(2) Inter-phase rufi: rufi tsakanin stator windings.

(3) Insulation tsakanin coils: Insulation tsakanin wayoyi na kowane lokaci stator winding.

Waya a cikin akwatin mahaɗin mota:

Akwatin tashar motar tana da allon tashar, mai hawa uku mai juyi layi shida sama da ƙasa layuka biyu, da babban jeri na tara tashoshi uku daga hagu zuwa dama lamba 1(U1),2(V1),3(W1), ƙananan tashoshi uku masu tarawa daga hagu zuwa dama lamba 6(W2),4(U2).),5(V2)domin haɗa iska mai hawa uku zuwa cikin haɗin tauraro ko alwatika.Duk masana'anta da gyara yakamata su kasance cikin wannan tsari.

3, zama

Aiki: Gyara zuciyar sirinji da murfin ƙarfe na gaba da na baya don tallafawa rotor, kuma kunna kariya, sanyaya da sauran ayyuka.

Gina: Tushen yawanci ana jefa sassa na ƙarfe, babban wurin zama na motar asynchronous gabaɗaya ana saida shi da farantin karfe, kujerar micro-motor ta amfani da simintin aluminum.Wurin zama na rufaffiyar motar yana da haƙarƙarin zafin zafi don ƙara wurin sanyaya, kuma ƙarshen motar kariyar an rufe shi da magudanar ruwa, ta yadda za a iya haɗa iska a ciki da wajen motar kai tsaye don sauƙaƙe zafi.

(ii) Rotor (bangaren juyawa)

1, Asynchronous motor rotor iron zuciya mai kashi uku:

Aiki: A matsayin wani ɓangare na da'irar maganadisu na motar da kuma a cikin tsagi na baƙin ƙarfe don sanya iskar rotor.

Gina: Kayan da aka yi amfani da shi, kamar sirinji, ana naushi ne kuma an jera shi da takardar siliki mai kauri mai kauri 0.5 mm, kuma a waje da da'irar siliki ta takardar ana watsar da ramukan da aka rarraba daidai gwargwado don sanya iskar rotor.Yawancin lokaci tare da systation baƙin ƙarfe zuciyar ta yi sauri ta koma baya ta silicon karfe takardar da'irar ciki don buga zuciyar ƙarfe na rotor.Gabaɗaya ƙaramar asynchronous motor rotor baƙin ƙarfe zuciya kai tsaye danna kan shaft, babba da matsakaici-sized asynchronous motor (na'ura mai juyi diamita na 300 zuwa 400 mm ko fiye) na'ura mai juyi ƙarfe zuciya tare da taimakon rotor goyon bayan manne a kan shaft.

2, asynchronous motor rotor winding mai hawa uku

Aiki: Yanke filin maganadisu mai jujjuya jini yana haifar da shigar da yuwuwar wutar lantarki da na yanzu, da samuwar karfin wutar lantarki don sa motar ta jujjuya.

Gina: An raba shi zuwa rotor keji na bera da rotor mai juyi.

(1) Rat cage rotor: Rotor winding ya ƙunshi jagorori da yawa da aka saka a cikin ramin rotor da zoben ƙarshe biyu a cikin madauki.Idan an cire zuciyar baƙin ƙarfe na rotor, siffar waje na gabaɗayan iska kamar kejin bera ne, wanda ake kira juyi juyi.Ana yin ƙananan motocin keji da simintin rotor na aluminum kuma an yi su da sandunan jan ƙarfe da zoben ƙarfe na ƙarfe don injin sama da 100KW.

(2) Na'ura mai juyi: iska mai jujjuyawa mai jujjuyawar iska da iska mai tsayi iri ɗaya ne, amma kuma jujjuyawar juzu'i uku mai ma'ana, gabaɗaya an haɗa ta da tauraro, shugaban waje guda uku zuwa madaidaicin zoben taro guda uku, sannan a haɗa shi da shi. da'ira na waje ta goga.

Features: Tsarin ya fi rikitarwa, don haka aikace-aikacen injin da ba shi da yawa kamar injin keji na bera.Duk da haka, ta hanyar taron zobe da goga a cikin na'ura mai juyi winding kewaye kirtani ƙarin juriya da sauran aka gyara, don inganta farawa, birki yi da kuma gudun iko yi na asynchronous Motors, don haka a cikin wani kewayon bukatun ga santsi gudun kula da kayan aiki, kamar cranes, elevators, air compressors da sauransu a sama.

(iii) Wasu na'urorin haɗi na injin asynchronous mai hawa uku

1, murfin ƙarshe: rawar tallafi.

2, bearings: haɗa ɓangaren jujjuya da ɓangaren mara motsi.

3, mai ɗaukar ƙarshen murfin: kariyar kariya.

4, fan: injin sanyaya.^[1]

mota

Na biyu, DC motor ta amfani da octagonal cikakken stacking tsarin, kirtani winding, dace da bukatar tabbatacce kuma jujjuya atomatik sarrafa fasaha.Dangane da buƙatun mai amfani, Hakanan yana yiwuwa a yi iska mai igiyoyi.Motar mai tsayin tsakiya na 100to280mm ba ta da iskar diyya, amma motar da ke da tsayin tsakiya na 250mmand280mm ana iya yin ta tare da iskar diyya bisa ga takamaiman yanayi da buƙatu, kuma motar da ke da tsayin tsakiya na 315to450mm tana da iskar diyya.Tsayin tsakiyar 500to710mm nau'in nau'in injin mota da buƙatun fasaha suna cikin layi tare da ka'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa na IEC, ma'aunin injin na jurewar motocin daidai da ka'idodin duniya na ISO.

Yanayin sanyaya

1) Cooling: Lokacin da motar ke jujjuya makamashi, ƙaramin ɓangaren hasara koyaushe yana canzawa zuwa zafi, wanda dole ne a ci gaba da fitar da shi ta hanyar mahalli da ke kewaye da shi, tsarin da muke kira sanyaya.

2) Matsakaicin sanyaya: iskar gas ko ruwa mai watsa zafi.

3) Matsakaicin sanyaya na farko: iskar gas ko ruwa mai sanyaya fiye da abin da ke cikin injin, wanda ke haɗuwa da wannan ɓangaren injin kuma yana ɗaukar zafin da yake fitarwa.

4) Matsakaicin sanyaya na biyu: matsakaicin iskar gas ko ruwa mai zafin jiki ƙasa da na matsakaicin sanyaya na farko, wanda zafin zafin da na'urar sanyaya na farko ke fitarwa ta saman saman injin ko sanyaya.

5) Matsakaicin sanyi na ƙarshe: Ana canja wurin zafi zuwa matsakaicin sanyaya na ƙarshe.

6) Kafofin watsa labaru na kwantar da hankali: gas ko kafofin watsa labarai na ruwa a cikin mahallin da ke kewaye da motar.

7) Matsakaici mai nisa: Matsakaici mai nisa daga injin wanda ke jawo zafin mota ta hanyar shiga, bututu ko tashar kuma yana fitar da matsakaicin sanyaya zuwa nesa.

8) Mai sanyaya: Na'urar da ke jujjuya zafi daga matsakaiciyar sanyaya zuwa wani kuma tana kiyaye hanyoyin sanyaya guda biyu.

Lambar hanya

1, lambar hanyar sanyaya motar ta ƙunshi tambarin hanyar sanyaya (IC), lambar sanyaya matsakaiciyar daidaitawa, lambar watsa labarai mai sanyaya da matsakaicin motsi na lambar hanyar tuki.

Lambar shimfidar madauki ta IC ita ce lambar watsa labarai mai sanyaya da lambar hanyar turawa

2. Lambar tambarin hanyar sanyaya shine anacronym don InternationalCooling, wanda aka bayyana a cikin IC.

3, sanyaya kafofin watsa labarai da'irar layout code tare da halaye lambobin, mu kamfanin yafi amfani 0,4,6,8 da sauransu, bi da bi ya ce ma'anarsu.

4, lambar watsa labarai mai sanyaya tana da tanadi kamar haka:

Idan matsakaicin sanyaya iska ne, ana iya barin harafin A da ke kwatanta matsakaicin sanyaya, kuma yanayin sanyaya da muke amfani da shi shine ainihin iska.

5, sanyayawa kafofin watsa labarai motsi na tuki hanya, yafi gabatar hudu.

6, sanyaya hanyar code alama yana da sauƙaƙe hanyar yin alama da kuma cikakkiyar hanyar yin alama, yakamata mu ba da fifiko ga yin amfani da hanyar yin alama mai sauƙi, fasalin hanyar alama mai sauƙi, idan matsakaicin sanyaya iska ne, yana nufin cewa lambar watsa labarai mai sanyaya A, a cikin Za'a iya tsallake alamar sauƙaƙan, idan matsakaicin sanyaya ruwa ne, yanayin turawa 7, a cikin alamar sauƙaƙan, ana iya tsallake lamba 7.

7, hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da aka fi amfani dasu sune IC01,IC06,IC411,IC416,IC611,IC81W da sauransu.

Misali: IC411 cikakkiyar hanyar yin alama ita ce IC4A1A1

"IC" shine lambar tambarin yanayin sanyaya;

"4" shine sunan lambar don da'irar kafofin watsa labarai mai sanyaya (sassarar harsashi).

"A" shine lambar watsa labarai mai sanyaya (iska).

Na farko “1″ shine lambar hanyar turawa ta farko (zagayowar kai).

Na biyu “1″ shine lambar hanyar tura kafofin watsa labarai sanyaya ta biyu (zagayowar kai).

IC06: Kawo iska mai iska ta waje;

ICl7: sanyaya iska mai shiga don bututu, kanti don shayewar makafi;

IC37: Wato sanyaya iska shigo da fitarwa ne bututu;

IC611: An rufe cikakke tare da mai sanyaya iska / iska;

ICW37A86: Cikakken an rufe shi da mai sanyaya iska / ruwa.

Kuma akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan da aka samo, irin su nau'in samun iska, tare da samfurin iska mai axial, nau'in rufaffiyar, nau'in mai sanyaya iska / iska.

Rarraba motoci

Motar AC

Asynchronous Motors

Asynchronous Motors

Y-Series (ƙananan matsa lamba, babban matsa lamba, m mita, electromagnetic braking).

JSJ jerin (ƙananan matsa lamba, babban matsa lamba, m mita, electromagnetic braking).

Motar aiki tare

jerin TD

jerin TDMK

Motar DC

Motar DC ta al'ada

Motar DC ta al'ada

Tsarin Z2

Tsarin Z4

Motar DC mai sadaukarwa

Motar dogo ta ZTP

ZSN siminti kiln

Yin amfani da sarrafa wutar lantarki yana da matukar dacewa, tare da farawa kai tsaye, haɓakawa, birki, juyawa, filin ajiye motoci da sauran damar aiki, na iya saduwa da buƙatun aiki iri-iri;Saboda jerin fa'idodinsa, don haka a cikin samar da masana'antu da noma, sufuri, tsaro na ƙasa, kayan kasuwanci da na gida, kayan aikin likitanci da sauran abubuwan amfani da tartsatsi.

Rarraba samfur

1.Ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki

Dangane da aikin samar da wutar lantarki na injin, ana iya raba shi zuwa injin DC da injin AC.Motar AC kuma an raba shi zuwa injin mai hawa ɗaya da injin mai hawa uku.

2.Ta tsari da yadda yake aiki

Ana iya raba motoci zuwa injin DC, injinan asynchronous da injunan aiki tare bisa tsarin su da ka'idar aiki.Hakanan za'a iya raba injunan aiki tare zuwa na'urori masu auna sigina na Magnetic na dindindin, na'urorin daidaita juriya na maganadisu da injunan zane-zane na magneto-stagnant ton.Ana iya raba injinan asynchronous zuwa induction Motors da AC masu juyawa.Motocin shigar sun kasu kashi uku masu motsi asynchronous.

Asynchronous Motors da kuma rufe musamman asynchronous Motors, da dai sauransu AC Converter motor ya kasu kashi daya-lokaci serial motor, AC DC biyu lantarki kuzari da kuma tura mota.

3.Tsara ta farawa da gudu

Motoci za a iya raba capacitive fara-up guda-lokaci asynchronous Motors, capacitive Gudun guda-lokaci asynchronous Motors, capacitive fara up aiki guda-lokaci asynchronous Motors da lokaci-tsaga lokaci-lokaci asynchronous Motors.

4.Da manufa

Ana iya raba motoci zuwa injin tuƙi na lantarki da sarrafa injinan lantarki ta amfani da su.Har ila yau, ana rarraba motar lantarki zuwa kayan aikin wuta (ciki har da hakowa, gogewa, gogewa, slotting, yankan, kayan aikin faɗaɗawa, da dai sauransu) motsawar wutar lantarki, kayan aikin gida (ciki har da injin wanki, magoya bayan wutar lantarki, firiji, kwandishan, na'urar rikodi, masu rikodin bidiyo, da sauransu). Na'urar DVD, injin tsabtace injin, kyamarori, na'urar busar gashi, reza wutar lantarki, da dai sauransu) Ƙarfafa wutar lantarki da sauran ƙananan injuna na gaba ɗaya (ciki har da nau'ikan ƙananan kayan aikin inji, ƙananan injina, kayan aikin likita, kayan lantarki, da dai sauransu) motsa jiki na lantarki.An raba ikon sarrafa injinan lantarki zuwa injin motsa jiki da injin servo.

5.Ta tsarin rotor

Za a iya raba tsarin injin ta na'ura mai juyi zuwa injin shigar da nau'in keji (tsohuwar ma'aunin da ake kira rat cage-type asynchronous motor) da injin induction na rotor (tsohon ma'aunin ana kiransa injin asynchronous motor).

6.Ta hanyar saurin aiki

Motoci za a iya raba su zuwa manyan injuna masu saurin gudu, masu saurin gudu, injina masu saurin gaske, masu sarrafa saurin gudu gwargwadon saurin aiki.

7.Rarrabe ta nau'in kariya

Buɗe (misali IP11, IP22):Motar ba shi da kariya ta musamman don jujjuyawar sassa da raye-raye sai ga mahimman tsarin tallafi.

Rufe (misali IP44, IP54): Juyawa da caje sassa a cikin gidan mota suna ƙarƙashin kariya ta injiniyoyi masu mahimmanci don hana hulɗar haɗari, amma kada ku tsoma baki sosai tare da samun iska.Motar kariyar ta kasu kashi: bisa ga tsarin kariyar sa

Nau'in raga: an lulluɓe hulunan motar da ruɗaɗɗen ruɗaɗɗen, ta yadda ɓangaren injin ɗin da na rayayyun ba za su iya haɗuwa da wani abu na waje ba.

Tabbatar da digo: Tsarin hushin motar yana hana ruwa mai fadi a tsaye ko daskararru shiga motar kai tsaye.

Fasa-hujja: Tsarin motsin motar yana hana ruwa ko daskararru shiga motar ta kowace hanya kai tsaye a kusurwar digiri 100.

Rufewa: Tsarin harsashi na motar yana hana musayar iska kyauta a ciki da wajen shingen, amma baya buƙatar cikakken hatimi.

Mai hana ruwa: Tsarin gidan motar yana hana ruwa tare da wani matsa lamba daga shiga motar.

Rashin ruwa: Lokacin da motar ta nutse cikin ruwa, tsarin harsashin motar yana hana ruwa shiga motar.

Submersible: Motar na iya aiki a cikin ruwa na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin matsi na ruwa.

Tabbatar da fashewa: Tsarin gidan motar ya isa don hana fashewar iskar gas a cikin motar daga watsawa zuwa waje na motar, kuma yana haifar da fashewar gas mai ƙonewa a wajen motar.

Misali: IP44 yana nuna cewa motar tana iya karewa daga ƙaƙƙarfan jikunan ƙasashen waje wanda ya fi 1mm girma daga watsawar ruwa.

Ma'anar lambar farko bayan IP

0 Babu kariya, babu kariya ta musamman.

1 Yana hana ƙaƙƙarfan gaɓoɓin baƙon da ya fi girma fiye da 50mm a diamita shiga cikin harka, yana hana manyan wuraren jikin ɗan adam (misali hannaye) taɓa rayayye ko motsi sassan harsashi, amma baya hana shiga cikin hankali ga waɗannan sassan.

2 Yana hana ƙaƙƙarfan jikkunan ƙasashen waje wanda ya fi 12mm a diamita shiga cikin harka kuma yana hana yatsu taɓa sashin rai ko motsi na harsashi.

3 Yana hana ƙaƙƙarfan jikkunan ƙasashen waje wanda ya fi girma fiye da 2.5mm a diamita shiga cikin harka kuma yana hana kayan aiki, karafa, da sauransu tare da kauri (ko diamita) fiye da 2.5 daga taɓa ɓangaren rai ko motsi na harsashi.

4 Yana hana ƙaƙƙarfan jikkunan ƙasashen waje waɗanda suka fi 1mm diamita girma shiga cikin akwati kuma yana hana kayan aiki (ko diamita) waɗanda suka fi 1mm taɓa rayuwa ko motsi sassan harsashi.

5 Yana hana ƙura shiga har ta kai ga yin tasiri ga aikin na'urar ta yau da kullun kuma tana hana taɓa sashin rai ko motsi na harsashi.

6 Hana ƙura gaba ɗaya shiga kuma ka hana gaba ɗaya taɓa sashin rai ko motsi na harsashi.

Ma'anar lamba ta biyu bayan IP

0 Babu kariya, babu kariya ta musamman.

1 Anti-drip, digon tsaye bai kamata ya shiga cikin samfurin kai tsaye ba.

2 15 ゚ mai faɗowa, ɗigowa a cikin kewayon kusurwa 15-mataki tare da digon gubar bai kamata ya shiga cikin samfurin kai tsaye ba.

3 Ruwan da ba ya bushewa, ruwa a cikin kewayon kusurwa 60-digiri tare da digon gubar bai kamata ya shiga cikin samfurin kai tsaye ba.

4 Ruwan anti-splash, watsa ruwa a kowace hanya bai kamata ya yi illa ga samfurin ba.

5 Ruwan rigakafin fesa, ruwan fesa a kowace hanya bai kamata ya yi illa ga samfur ba.

6 Ƙaƙƙarfan raƙuman ruwa ko ruwan feshin ruwa kada su sami wani illa mai cutarwa akan samfurin.

7 Ruwan hana nutsewa, samfurin a ƙayyadadden lokaci da matsa lamba da aka nitse cikin ruwa, shan ruwa bai kamata ya sami illa ga samfur ba.

8 nutsewa, samfurin a ƙarƙashin matsin da aka tsara na dogon lokaci a nutsar da shi cikin ruwa, mashigar ruwa bai kamata ya yi illa ga samfurin ba.

8.Rarraba ta hanyar samun iska da sanyaya

1. sanyayawar kai: Motar tana sanyaya ne kawai ta hanyar radiation ta sama da kuma kwararar iska.

2. Sanyi mai son kai: Motar tana da fanshi nata, wanda ke samar da iska mai sanyaya don sanyaya saman motar ko cikinta.

3. Ya sanyaya: Fan da ke ba da iska mai sanyaya ba motar da kanta ke tukawa ba, ita kanta.

4. Shakar bututu: sanyaya iska ba kai tsaye daga wajen motar zuwa cikin motar ba ko kuma kai tsaye daga cikin fiddawar motar, amma ta hanyar bututun shigar da bututun ko fitar da injin, fanan iskar bututu na iya sanyaya kansa. ko wasu fan-sanyi.

5. Liquid sanyaya: ruwa sanyaya ga lantarki Motors.

6. Closed-circuit circulating gas sanyaya: Matsakaicin injin sanyaya yana zagayawa a cikin rufaffiyar da'ira gami da injin da na'urar sanyaya, amma matsakaicin yana ɗaukar zafi yayin da yake wucewa ta cikin injin kuma yana sakin zafi yayin da yake wucewa ta cikin injin sanyaya.

7. Sanyaya saman saman da sanyaya cikin ciki: Matsakaicin sanyaya ba ya wucewa ta cikin motar madubin da ake kira surface cooling, kuma na'urar sanyaya ta wuce ta cikin injin da aka sani da sanyaya cikin ciki.

9.Danna tsarin shigarwa

Alamar hawan mota yawanci ana wakilta ta da lambobi.Ƙididdiga tana wakiltar lambar acronym ɗin IM na duniya, harafin farko na IM yana wakiltar lambar nau'in shigarwa, B yana wakiltar shigarwa a kwance, V yana wakiltar shigarwa a tsaye, lambar ta biyu kuma tana wakiltar lambar fasalin, wanda aka bayyana a cikin lambobin Larabci.

Alal misali, nau'in IMB5 yana nuna cewa tushe ba shi da tushe, cewa akwai babban flange a kan iyakar ƙarshen, kuma an shimfiɗa shaft a ƙarshen flange.

Samfuran shigarwa sune B3, BB3, B5, B35, BB5, BB35, V1, V5, V6, da dai sauransu.

10.Ta hanyar insulation an raba darajar zuwa:A, E, B, F, H, C.

11.An rarraba tsarin aikin da aka ƙididdige zuwa:m, tsaka-tsaki, tsarin aiki na gajeren lokaci.

Cigaban tsarin aiki(S1):Motar tana ba da garantin aiki na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin ƙimar ƙimar da aka ƙayyade a cikin farantin suna.

Tsarin aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci(S2):Motar zata iya aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci ne kawai ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙididdiga da aka ƙayyade a cikin farantin suna.Akwai ma'auni na tsawon lokaci guda huɗu don gajeren gudu: 10min, 30min, 60min, da 90min.

Tsarin aiki na wucin gadi(S3): Za a iya amfani da motoci na ɗan lokaci kawai kuma lokaci-lokaci a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙimar da aka ƙayyade a cikin farantin suna, wanda aka bayyana azaman kashi 10min kowane zagaye.Misali: FC- 25%, gami da S4-S10 tsarin aiki ne na wucin gadi a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

Yana wakiltar samfurin

Y(IP44) jerin asynchronous Motors

Mota iya aiki daga 0.55to200kW, Class B rufi, kariya aji IP44, zuwa International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ma'auni, kayayyakin zuwa kasa da kasa matakin na karshen 1970s, cikakken kewayon nauyi matsakaicin tasiri fiye da JO2 jerin ya karu da 0.43%, kayan aiki na shekara-shekara na kusan 20 kW.

Yx jerin ingantattun injina

Capacity 1.5to90kW, 2,4,6 da sauransu 3 sanduna.Cikakken kewayon injin yana kan matsakaici kusan 3% mafi inganci fiye da jerin Y (IP44), kusa da matakin ci-gaba na duniya.Ya dace da aiki guda ɗaya tare da lokutan aiki na shekara fiye da 3000h.Inda nauyin kaya ya fi 50%, ajiyar wutar lantarki yana da mahimmanci.Jerin motocin ba su da girma a samarwa, tare da fitowar shekara-shekara na kusan 10,000 kW.

Motar sarrafa saurin canzawa

Babban samfurori sune YD (0.45to160kW) a cikin Sin, YDT (0.17to160kW), YDB (0.35to82kW), YD (0.2to24kW), YDFW (630to4000kW) da sauran 8 jerin samfurori, don cimma matsakaicin matsakaicin aikace-aikacen duniya.

Electromagnetic zame bambanci gudun sarrafa mota

Kasar Sin ta samar da nau'in YCT (0.55to90kW), YCT2 (15to250kW), YCTD (0.55to90kW), YCTE (5.5to630kW), YCTJ (0.55to15kW) da sauran 8 jerin kayayyakin, don isa matsakaicin matsakaicin matakin aikace-aikacen duniya, wanda YCTE jerin suna da mafi girman matakin fasaha, mafi kyawun ci gaba.

Manufar app

Gyara Murya

Mafi yawan amfani da kowane nau'in injin shine AC asynchronous Motors (wanda kuma aka sani da induction Motors).Yana da sauƙi don amfani, abin dogara don gudu, ƙananan farashi, tsari mai ƙarfi, amma ƙarfin wutar lantarki yana da ƙasa, daidaitawar sauri kuma yana da wuyar gaske.Ana amfani da injunan ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ƙananan sauri a cikin injinan aiki tare (duba injinan aiki tare).Motoci masu daidaitawa ba kawai suna da babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki ba, amma kuma saurin su yana da zaman kansa daga girman nauyin nauyi, dangane da yawan grid.Aikin ya fi karko.Yi amfani da ƙarin injinan DC lokacin da ake buƙatar daidaita saurin kewayo mai faɗi.Amma yana da transverter, tsari mai rikitarwa, tsada, matsalolin kulawa, bai dace da yanayi mai tsauri ba.Bayan shekarun 1970, tare da haɓaka fasahar lantarki ta wutar lantarki, fasahar sarrafa saurin motar AC tana girma, farashin kayan aiki yana raguwa, an fara amfani da su.Matsakaicin ƙarfin injin fitarwa na motar zai iya ɗaukar ba tare da haifar da zafin jiki ba a ƙarƙashin tsarin aiki da aka tsara (ci gaba, gajeriyar gudu, tsarin aiki na sake zagayowar lokaci) wanda ake kira ƙimar ƙarfinsa, kuma ya kamata a biya hankali ga tanade-tanade akan farantin suna lokacin da aka tsara. amfani da shi.Lokacin tafiyar da motar, ya kamata a kula don dacewa da halayen kayan da ke cikin motar, don kauce wa motoci masu tashi ko tsayawa.Motoci na iya samar da wutar lantarki da yawa, daga milliwatt zuwa kilowatt 10,000.Amfani da sarrafa motar yana da matukar dacewa, tare da farawa kai tsaye, haɓakawa, birki, juyawa, riƙewa da sauran damar.Gabaɗaya, ƙarfin fitarwa na injin lantarki yana canzawa tare da saurin lokacin da aka daidaita shi.

amfani

Motar DC maras goge ya ƙunshi jikin mota da direba, kuma samfurin mechatron ne na yau da kullun.Wuraren jujjuyawar motar an yi su ne zuwa gaɓar haɗin gwiwa mai siffar tauraro guda uku, waɗanda suke da kamanceceniya da injinan asynchronous mai kashi uku.Ana manne da rotor na motar tare da magnetized dindindin magnet, kuma don gano polarity na rotor na motar, an shigar da firikwensin matsayi a cikin motar.Direban ya ƙunshi na'urorin lantarki da haɗaɗɗun da'irori, waɗanda ke aiki kamar haka: karɓar siginar farawa, tsayawa da birki na motar don sarrafa farawa, tsayawa da birki na motar, karɓar siginar firikwensin matsayi da siginar gaba da juyawa, amfani don sarrafa ci gaba da bututun wutar lantarki na gadar inverter, samar da ci gaba mai ƙarfi, karɓar umarnin saurin sauri da saurin amsa siginar don sarrafawa da daidaita saurin gudu, samar da kariya da nuni, da sauransu.

Tunda injinan DC marasa goga suna aiki ta hanyar kamun kai, ba sa ƙara jujjuyawar farawa zuwa na'ura mai jujjuya kamar injin da ke aiki tare wanda aka yi lodi da yawa a saurin mitar mitar, kuma ba sa girgiza da tsayawa lokacin da nauyin ya canza.Matsanancin maganadisu na ƙarami da matsakaita mai girman goga mara girman DC wanda aka yi shi da kayan ferrite boron (Nd-Fe-B) da ba kasafai ake yin shi ba tare da babban ƙarfin maganadisu.Sakamakon haka, ƙarancin injin magnet ɗin da ba kasafai ya kai girman injin goga ba fiye da ƙarfin guda uku asynchronous motar ya rage lambar wurin zama.A cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata, bincike kan asynchronous motor m mitar gudun iko yana cikin bincike na ƙarshe yana neman hanyar da za a sarrafa karfin juzu'in motar asynchronous, ƙarancin ƙasa dindindin magnet brushless injin DC ba shakka zai nuna fa'idodi a fagen sarrafa saurin tare da halayensa na sarrafa saurin sauri, ƙananan ƙararrawa, babban inganci da ƙananan kuskuren saurin yanayi.Motar DC maras goge saboda halaye na injin goga na DC, amma kuma yawan na'urar, wanda kuma aka sani da canjin mitar DC, kalmar gama gari na duniya don BLDC brushless DC motor aiki yadda ya dace, ƙananan karfin juyi, daidaiton sauri, da sauransu. fiye da kowane mai sarrafa fasahar sarrafawa, don haka ya cancanci kulawar masana'antu.Tare da samfuran fiye da 55kWof da aka riga aka samar, ana iya tsara shi don 400kWtomeet da buƙatar masana'antar don ceton wutar lantarki da manyan abubuwan tafiyarwa.

1, cikakken sauyawa na sarrafa saurin motsi na DC, cikakken maye gurbin inverter da sarrafa saurin motsi na mitar mitar, cikakken maye gurbin motar asynchronous da sarrafa saurin ragewa;

2, na iya gudu a ƙananan gudu da babban iko, zai iya kawar da akwatin gear kai tsaye yana fitar da babban kaya;

3, tare da duk fa'idodin motar DC na gargajiya, amma kuma soke goga na carbon, tsarin zobe na zame;

4, halayen juzu'i suna da kyau, matsakaici da ƙananan ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki yana da kyau, ƙarfin farawa yana da girma, lokacin farawa yana ƙarami.

5, babu matakin sarrafa saurin matakin, kewayon sarrafa saurin yana da faɗi, ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi yana da ƙarfi;

6, ƙananan ƙananan, nauyin nauyi, babban karfi;

7, farawa mai laushi da tasha mai laushi, halayen birki suna da kyau, na iya kawar da asalin injin birki ko na'urar birki ta lantarki;

8, babban inganci, motar kanta ba ta da hasara mai ban sha'awa da asarar gogewar carbon, kawar da amfani da rage yawan matakan matakai, ƙimar ceton wutar lantarki har zuwa 20% zuwa 60%, kawai adana wutar lantarki a shekara don dawo da farashin saye;

9, babban aminci, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau, daidaitawa, sauƙi mai sauƙi da kulawa;

10, resistant zuwa bumps da vibrations, low amo, kananan vibration, m aiki, tsawon rai;

11, babu tsangwama na rediyo, kada ku samar da tartsatsi, musamman dacewa da wuraren fashewa, akwai nau'in fashewa;

12, kamar yadda ake buƙata, zaɓi motar filin maganadisu na trapezoidal da ingantacciyar filin maganadisu.

kariya

Kariyar motoci

Kariyar moto ita ce ba da cikakkiyar kariya ga injin, wato, a cikin jujjuyawar injin, rashin lokaci, toshewa, gajeriyar kewayawa, wuce gona da iri, rashin ƙarfi, yoyo, rashin daidaituwa na matakai uku, zafi mai zafi, ɗaukar nauyi, ƙayyadadden eccentricity na rotor, axial run-off Radial run-off, don firgita ko kariya;

Kariya daban-daban

Kariyar bambance-bambancen moto tare da kariyar hutun saurin gudu da kariyar bambancin kariyar duplex tare da ko ba tare da birki mai jituwa na biyu ba, ana iya amfani da shi har zuwa lokatai na shigar da banbanta mai gefe uku (bambancin-tsayi uku), tare da simintin wutar lantarki na na'ura guda ɗaya da juzu'i na canzawa. da cikakken da kuma iko saye aiki, sanye take da Standard RS485 da masana'antu CAN tashar tashar sadarwa, kuma ta hanyar m sanyi don cimma uku-hanyoyi main m bambancin kariya, biyu-lap main m bambancin kariya, biyu-tsayi bambancin kariya, janareta kariya kariya, Kariyar bambance-bambancen motoci da kariyar wutar lantarki mara amfani da sauran kariya da ma'auni da ayyukan sarrafawa;

Kariyar wuce gona da iri

Coils na micro-motors yawanci ana yin su ne da wayar tagulla mai kyau sosai kuma ba su da juriya a halin yanzu.Lokacin da nauyin motar ya yi girma ko kuma motar ta makale, abin da ke gudana a cikin nada yana ƙaruwa da sauri, yayin da zafin jiki na motar yana ƙaruwa da sauri kuma ƙarfin juriya na jan karfe yana ƙonewa.Idan polymer PTC thermistor za a iya sanya kirtani a cikin na'ura mai kwakwalwa, zai ba da kariya akan lokacin konewa lokacin da motar ta yi yawa.Thermistors yawanci suna kusa da coils, suna sauƙaƙa masu zafin jiki don jin zafi da kuma samar da kariya cikin sauri da inganci.Thermistors don kariyar farko yawanci suna amfani da thermistors KT250 tare da mafi girman juriya, kuma masu tsayayyar thermal don kariyar sakandare yawanci suna amfani da KT60-B, KT30-B, KT16-B, da injinan fake tare da ƙananan matakan juriya.

Hadarin wuta na injinan lantarki

Abubuwan da ke jawo gobarar motar su ne kamar haka:

1, wuce gona da iri

Wannan zai iya haifar da karuwa a halin yanzu, karuwa a cikin iska da yanayin zafi na zuciya, kuma, a lokuta masu tsanani, wuta.

2, Karshen lokaci aiki

Ko da yake har yanzu motar tana iya aiki, iskar motsin yana ƙaruwa ta yadda zai ƙone motar kuma yana haifar da gobara.

3, rashin sadarwa mara kyau

Zai haifar da juriyar tuntuɓar ya yi girma don zafi ko samar da baka, a cikin lokuta masu tsanani na iya kunna kayan konewa na motar sannan kuma ya haifar da wuta.

4, lalacewar insulating

An kafa ɗan gajeren kewayawa tsakanin matakai da mazari, wanda ke haifar da wuta.

5, rikici na inji

Lalacewar bearings na iya haifar da satotor, juzu'in juzu'i ko ramin mota su makale, yana haifar da matsanancin zafi ko gajeriyar da'ira a cikin iska wanda zai iya haifar da gobara.

6, rashin dacewa

7, Cin zuciya da ƙarfe ya yi yawa

Yawan hasara na vortex na iya haifar da zazzabin ƙarfe na ƙarfe da nauyi mai nauyi, haifar da wuta a lokuta masu tsanani.

8, kasa kasa mara kyau

Lokacin da motar iska biyu gajeriyar da'ira ta faru, idan ƙasa ba ta da kyau, zai haifar da cajewar harsashin motar, a gefe guda na iya haifar da haɗarin girgizar lantarki na sirri, a gefe guda, sa harsashi ya yi zafi, yana ƙone kewaye da gaske. abubuwa masu ƙonewa da haifar da wuta.

laifi

Dalilin gazawar

1.Motar tana zafi fiye da kima

1), wutar lantarki ta sa motar tayi zafi sosai

Akwai dalilai da yawa da yasa wutar lantarki ke sa motar tayi zafi:

Laifin mota - gyara

a, ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi yawa

Lokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi girma sosai, yuwuwar ƙarfin ƙarfin wutar lantarki, juzu'i da ɗimbin yawa yana ƙaruwa.Domin girman asarar baƙin ƙarfe ya yi daidai da murabba'in ɗigon ruwa, asarar baƙin ƙarfe yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da ƙarfin ƙarfe ya yi zafi.Ƙaruwar juzu'i, kuma yana haifar da ɓangaren tashin hankali na yanzu ya karu sosai, yana haifar da karuwar asarar jan ƙarfe na iskar synaut, ta yadda iska ta yi zafi.Sabili da haka, lokacin da wutar lantarki ta wadata ta wuce ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki na motar, motar ta yi zafi.

b, ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa sosai

Lokacin da ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa sosai, idan wutar lantarki ta lantarki ta kasance ba ta canzawa, motsi zai ragu, rotor current zai karu daidai da haka, kuma nauyin wutar lantarki a cikin tator current zai karu, yana haifar da karuwa a cikin jan karfe. asarar iska, yana haifar da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun da rotor windings overheating.

c, ƙarfin lantarki asymmetry

Lokacin da igiyar wutar lantarki ta kashe kashi ɗaya, ana busa fiusi ɗaya, ko kuma a yi amfani da wuƙar ƙofar

mota

Ƙunƙarar kan kusurwar kayan farawa yana haifar da wani lokaci maras lokaci, wanda zai sa motar mai hawa uku ta ɗauki lokaci guda, yana haifar da iska mai aiki biyu don yin zafi ta hanyar babban halin yanzu kuma ya ƙone har ya ƙone.

d, rashin daidaituwar wutar lantarki mai kashi uku

Lokacin da wutar lantarki mai hawa uku ba ta da daidaituwa, yanayin motsi mai hawa uku na motar ba shi da daidaituwa, yana haifar da iska mai zafi.Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga sama, lokacin da motar ta yi zafi, ya kamata a fara la'akari da wutar lantarki.Bayan kun tabbatar da cewa babu matsala tare da wutar lantarki, la'akari da wasu dalilai.

2), lodin yana sa motar tayi zafi sosai

Akwai dalilai da yawa da ya sa motar ta yi zafi ta fuskar kaya:

a,motar ya yi yawa don ya yi aiki

Lokacin da kayan aikin ba su daidaita ba, ƙarfin lodin motar ya fi ƙarfin da aka ƙididdige shi, to aikin ɗaukar nauyi na dogon lokaci (watau ƙaramin keken doki), zai sa motar ta yi zafi sosai.Lokacin gyaran injin da ya wuce kima, ya zama dole a gano ko ƙarfin lodi ya dace da ƙarfin motar don hana makafi da cirewa maras manufa.

b, nauyin injin da aka ja baya aiki yadda yakamata

Duk da cewa na’urorin sun yi daidai da na’urar, amma na’urar injin da ake ja ba ta aiki yadda ya kamata, nauyin aiki babba da karami ne, kuma injin yana da nauyi da zafi.

c, akwai matsala tare da injinan ja

Lokacin da injin ɗin da aka ja ya yi kuskure, ba sa sassauƙa ko makale, zai yi lodin abin hawa, yana haifar da iska mai ƙarfi.Sabili da haka, lokacin da motar kulawa ta yi zafi, ba za a iya watsi da abubuwan da ake ɗauka ba.

3), motar da kanta ta haifar da matsanancin zafi

a, hutun jujjuyawar mota

Lokacin da aka sami hutun jujjuyawar juzu'i a cikin iskar motar, ko kuma raguwar reshe a cikin reshe na layi daya, zai haifar da rashin daidaiton wutar lantarki mai kashi uku kuma motar tayi zafi sosai.

b, iskar motar ta gajarta

Lokacin da ɗan gajeren kuskure ya faru a cikin motar motsa jiki, ɗan gajeren lokaci yana da girma fiye da na yau da kullum na yau da kullum, yana ƙaruwa da asarar tagulla na iska, yana haifar da iska don zafi ko ma ƙonewa.

c, kuskuren haɗin mota

Lokacin da injin haɗin haɗin triangular ya shiga cikin tauraro, motar tana ci gaba da gudana tare da cikakken kaya, halin yanzu da ke gudana ta iskar tashar ya fi ƙarfin halin yanzu, har ma ya sa motar ta tsaya da kanta, idan lokacin tsayawa ya kasance. dan kadan ya fi tsayi kuma baya yanke wutar lantarki, iska ba kawai zafi mai tsanani ba, amma kuma zai ƙone.Lokacin da aka yi kuskuren haɗa motar da tauraro ya haɗa zuwa cikin triangle, ko kuma lokacin da ƙungiyoyin coil da yawa suka shiga cikin reshe na reshe an jujjuya su zuwa rassa biyu a layi daya, iska da zuciyar ƙarfe za su yi zafi kuma, a lokuta masu tsanani, suna ƙone iska. .

e, kuskuren haɗin mota

Lokacin da aka juyar da coil, ƙungiyar coil, ko juzu'i ɗaya, zai iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa mai tsanani a cikin halin yanzu mai hawa uku kuma ya yi zafi sosai.

f, gazawar injin injin

Lokacin da lankwasawa na motar motar, taro ba shi da kyau, matsalolin da ke tattare da su, da dai sauransu, zai sa motsin motar ya karu, asarar jan ƙarfe da kuma asarar juzu'i na inji, don haka motar ta yi zafi sosai.

4), rashin samun iska da sanyaya ya sa motar tayi zafi:

a, yanayin yanayi ya yi yawa sosai, ta yadda yanayin zafin iska ya yi yawa.

b, mashigar iska tana da toshe tarkace, ta yadda iska ba ta da santsi, yana haifar da dan iska.

c, ƙura da yawa a cikin motar, yana rinjayar zafi

d, lalacewar fanko ko baya, yana haifar da rashin iska ko ƙaramar ƙarar iska

e, ba sanye take da murfin iska ko murfin ƙarshen motar ba a sanye shi da gilashin iska ba, yana haifar da motar ba tare da takamaiman hanyar iska ba.

2. Dalilan da yasa motocin asynchronous ba zasu iya farawa ba:

1), wutar lantarki ba ta kunne

2), fuse fuse

3), tyration ko rotor winding ya karye

4), kasa mai karkatar da taya

5), synonycler windings gajere tsakanin matakai

6), Wayar da aka yi amfani da ita ba daidai ba ce

7), an yi birgima ko kayan aikin tuƙi

8), rotor jan karfe tsiri ne sako-sako da

9), babu mai mai a cikin ɗaukar hoto, an faɗaɗa shaft saboda zafi, yana hana lilo a cikin ɗaukar hoto.

10), Kuskuren wayoyi ko lalacewa da kayan aikin sarrafawa

11), Relay ɗin da ke faruwa ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai

12),tsohon fara sauya man kofi yana da karancin mai

13), da winding rotor motor fara aiki kuskure

14), juriya na juriya na injin juzu'i mai jujjuyawar iskar gas ba ta da kayan aiki da kyau

15), lalacewa

Uku-lokaci asynchronous mota ba zai iya fara da yawa dalilai, ya kamata a dogara ne a kan ainihin halin da ake ciki da kuma bayyanar cututtuka ga cikakken bincike, a hankali jarrabawa, ba zai iya tsunduma a tilasta mahara farawa, musamman a lokacin da mota sa mahaukaci sauti ko overheating, ya kamata nan da nan yanke. kashe wutar lantarki, a cikin binciken dalilin da kuma bayan kawar da farawa, don hana fadada kuskuren.

3. Abubuwan da ke haifar da saurin gudu lokacinMotar tana gudu da kaya

1), ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa

2), bera keji rotor karya

3), ƙungiyar coil ko coil tana da ɗan gajeren zango

4), coil ko coil group yana da hanyar haɗin gwiwa

5), Fassara mai jujjuyawa baya

6), yayi yawa

7), Na'ura mai juyi juyi hutu lokaci daya

8), iskar rotor motor fara lamba Converter ba shi da kyau

9), goga da lambar zoben zamewa ba su da kyau

4.Dalilin rashin sautin rashin daidaituwa lokacin da dalili ke gudana

1), tyrpole da rotor rub

2), ganyen iska na rotor ya buga harsashi

3), rotor yana goge takarda mai rufi

4), bearings rasa mai

5), Motar tana da tarkace

6), Motar aiki na kashi biyu yana da buzz

5. Gidan motar yana gudana don:

1), igiyar wutar lantarki da waya ta ƙasa ba daidai ba ne

2), danshin iska mai motsi, tsufa na rufewa yana sa aikin rufewa ya ragu

3), fitar da kai da harsashi akwatin tasha

4), lalacewar iskar iska ta gida ta sa wayan ta buga harsashi

5), baƙin ƙarfe shakatawa na zuciya waya

6), wayar ƙasa ba ta aiki

7), allon tashar ya lalace ko kuma saman ya yi yawa

6.Dalilin da yasa tartsatsin rotor zamewar tartsatsi ya yi girma da yawa

1), saman zoben zamewa yayi datti

2), matsatsin goga ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai

3), goga ya birgima a cikin goga

4), goga ya karkata daga matsayi na tsaka tsaki

7.Thesanadin hawan zafin jikin motar da yawa ko hayaki

1), karfin wutar lantarki ya yi yawa ko kuma ya yi kasa sosai

2), yayi yawa

3), aikin motsa jiki guda ɗaya

4), kasa mai karkatar da taya

5) ɓata lalacewa ko ƙuƙumi sosai

6), tator da ke jujjuyawa tsakanin ko tsakanin gajerun hanyoyin

7), yanayin zafi ya yi yawa

8), tashar motar ba ta da kyau ko fan ya lalace

8.Dalilin ma'aunin ma'auni na yanzu yana jujjuyawa baya da gaba lokacin da motar ba ta da komai ko lokacin da kaya ke gudana.

1), fashewar rotor na bera

2), na'ura mai juyi juyi hutu lokaci daya

3), goga na juzu'i na juyi mai juyi yana cikin mummunan hulɗa

4, gajeriyar na'urar da'ira na injin rotor na iska yana cikin mummunan hulɗa

9.Dalilin girgiza motar

1), rashin daidaituwa na rotor

2), kan shaft ya lankwashe

3), rashin daidaituwar bel

4), bel coil shaft rami eccentric

5), ƙuƙuman ƙafar ƙafar ƙasa waɗanda ke riƙe da motar

6), kafuwar kafaffen motar ba ta da tsaro ko rashin daidaituwa

10.Dalilin da ke haifar da zafi mai zafi na motar motar

1), lalacewa

2), mai mai yawa, mai kadan ko rashin ingancin mai

3).

4), bearings da iyakoki na ƙarshe tare da sassauta kewayen ko matsi sosai

5), Zamiya mai ɗaukar zoben Mai jujjuyawa ko jujjuyawar hankali

6), madafunan ƙarshen a ɓangarorin biyu na motar ko masu ɗaukar hoto ba su da lebur

7), bel ɗin yana da ƙarfi sosai

8), ba a shigar da haɗin kai da kyau ba.

Gyaran kuskure

A lokacin aiki na dogon lokaci na motar, akwai sau da yawa laifuffuka daban-daban: kamar karfin watsawa mai haɗawa tare da akwatin gear ya fi girma, ramin haɗin kan gefen flange ya bayyana mummunan lalacewa, yana ƙara haɗin haɗin mating, yana haifar da watsawa marar daidaituwa. karfin juyi;Bayan irin wannan matsalar ta faru, hanyar da aka saba amfani da ita ita ce gyara walda ta gamawa ko kuma goge goge bayan an yi ta, amma dukkansu suna da illa.Ba za a iya kawar da matsalolin thermal da yawan zafin jiki na rewelding gaba daya ba, yana da sauƙi don lanƙwasa ko karya, yayin da buroshi na buroshi yana iyakancewa ta hanyar kauri daga cikin sutura da kwasfa cikin sauƙi, kuma hanyoyin biyu sune karfe gyaran ƙarfe, ba zai iya canzawa ba. dangantakar "mai wuyar gaske", a ƙarƙashin aikin haɗin gwiwar kowane ƙarfi, har yanzu zai haifar da wani lalacewa.A cikin ƙasashen yamma na zamani, ana amfani da hanyar gyara kayan haɗin gwiwar polymer.Aikace-aikacen gyaran gyare-gyare na kayan polymer, ba tasirin rehydration zafi danniya, gyaran kauri ba a iyakance ba, a lokaci guda samfurin yana da kayan ƙarfe ba shi da ja da baya, zai iya shawo kan tasirin girgizar kayan aiki, kauce wa yiwuwar yiwuwar. sake sawa, da kuma tsawaita rayuwar sabis na kayan aikin kayan aiki, don kamfanoni don adana lokaci mai yawa, haifar da ƙimar tattalin arziki mai girma.

Laifi: Ba za a iya kunna motar ba lokacin da aka kunna ta

Dalilai da hanyoyin magani:

1.Wutar tasha tana yin wayoyi ba daidai ba - duba wayar kuma gyara kuskuren

2.An karye jujjuyawar noose, gajeriyar kewayawa ta ƙasa, kuma motsin wutar lantarki da ke kewaye da rotor ya karye - nemo wurin kuskure kuma gyara kuskuren.

3.Nauyin yana da nauyi sosai ko injin ɗin ya makale - duba injin tuƙi da kaya

4.Da'irar jujjuyawar injin na'ura mai juyi yana buɗe (mummunan lamba tsakanin goga da zoben zamewa, mai juyawa ya karye, lambar jagorar ba ta da kyau, da sauransu.) - gano wurin hutu kuma gyara shi.

5.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa sosai - bincika dalilin kuma ka yanke hukunci

6.Lalacewar lokacin wutar lantarki - Bincika layin kuma mayar da matakai uku

Laifi: Yanayin zafin motar yana ƙaruwa da yawa ko yana shan taba

Dalilai da hanyoyin magani:

1.An yi nauyi da yawa ko farawa akai-akai - rage nauyin kuma rage yawan farawa

2.Rashin lokaci yayin aiki - Duba layin kuma mayar da matakai uku

3.Kuskuren na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa - duba wayar kuma gyara shi

4.Girgizar tator tana ƙasa, kuma ɗan gajeren kewayawa yana faruwa tsakanin crucibles ko matakai - an gano ƙasa ko gajeriyar kewayawa kuma an gyara shi.

5.Cage rotor winding break - Sauya rotor

6.Na'ura mai juyi mai jujjuyawa tana ɓace lokaci - nemo wurin kuskure kuma gyara shi

7.Zalunci yana shafa akan rotor - duba bearings, rotor ya lalace, kuma gyara ko maye gurbin

8.Rashin samun iska - Bincika cewa iska a bayyane take

9.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi yawa ko ƙasa sosai - bincika dalilin kuma ka yanke hukunci

Laifi: Motar tana girgiza da yawa

Dalilai da hanyoyin magani:

1.Rashin daidaituwa na rotor - daidaita ma'auni

2.Tare da rashin daidaituwar dabaran ko lankwasawa tsawo - duba kuma gyara

3.Motar ba ta daidaitawa tare da nauyin kaya - duba ma'auni na sashin daidaitawa

4.Ba a shigar da motar da kyau ba - duba shigarwa da screws

5.Nauyin yana da nauyi ba zato ba tsammani - rage nauyin

Akwai hayaniya a lokacin gudu

Dalilai da hanyoyin magani:

1.Zalunci yana shafa akan rotor - duba bearings, rotor ya lalace, kuma gyara ko maye gurbin

2.Lalacewa ko ƙarancin lubrication na bearings - maye gurbin bearings kuma tsaftace su

3.Ayyukan da ba a rasa lokaci na mota - Bincika wurin hutu kuma gyara shi

4.Ganyen iska suna taɓa shari'ar - bincika kuma kawar da kurakurai

Gudun motar yana da ƙasa da yawa lokacin da aka loda shi

Dalilai da hanyoyin magani:

1.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa sosai - Duba ƙarfin wutar lantarki

2.Yawan kaya mai yawa - Duba kaya

3.Cage rotor winding break - Sauya rotor

4.Ƙungiya mai jujjuyawar iska 1 Mara kyau lamba ko cire haɗin kai - duba matsi na goga, goga da zamewar lambar zobe da jujjuyawar iska.

Gidan motar yana rayuwa

Dalilai da hanyoyin magani:

1.Ƙarƙashin ƙasa mara kyau ko babban juriya na ƙasa - haɗa wayar ƙasa kamar yadda ake buƙata don kawar da kuskuren ƙasa mara kyau

2.Danshi mai iska - bushewa

3.Ƙunƙarar da aka lalata, ƙuƙwalwar gubar - gyaran gyaran fenti, sake haɗawa da jagoranci

Gyaran shawarwari

Lokacin da motar ke gudana ko gazawa, yana iya hanawa da gyara kuskuren cikin lokaci ta hanyar dubawa, saurare, wari da kuma taɓa hanyoyi guda huɗu don tabbatar da amintaccen aiki na motsin wutar lantarki.

Daya, duba

Don lura da aikin motar ba daidai ba ne, babban aikinsa shine yanayi masu zuwa.

1. Lokacin da tator winding ya gajarta, ana iya ganin hayaki daga motar.

2. Lokacin da motar ta yi nauyi sosai ko kuma ba ta da lokaci, saurin zai ragu kuma za a sami sautin "buzz" mai nauyi.

3. Motar tana aiki kamar yadda aka saba, amma idan ta tsaya kwatsam, za ka ga tartsatsin wuta suna fitowa daga wayoyi mara kyau;Fuse fuses ko wani sashi ya makale.

4. Idan motar tana rawar jiki da ƙarfi, yana iya zama abin tuƙi ya makale ko motar ba ta da kyau sosai, kusoshi na solel suna kwance, da sauransu.

5. Idan akwai canza launi, alamun ƙonawa da alamun hayaki a wuraren tuntuɓar juna da haɗin kai a cikin motar, za a iya samun zafi na gida, rashin sadarwa mara kyau a haɗin mai gudanarwa ko ƙonewar iska.

Na biyu, saurare

Motar ya kamata ta kasance tana aiki akai-akai tare da yunifom da sautin "buzz" mai sauƙi, babu hayaniya kuma babu sauti na musamman.Idan hayaniyar ta yi ƙarfi sosai, gami da hayaniyar lantarki, ƙarar amo, hayaniyar samun iska, sautin gogayya na inji, da sauransu, na iya zama mafarin kuskure ko alamar laifin.

1. Don amo na lantarki, idan motar ta yi ƙara, babba da ƙaramar ƙara, ƙila a sami dalilai da yawa.

(1) Tazarar iska tsakanin stal da rotor ba daidai ba ne, a wannan lokacin sauti yana da girma da ƙasa kuma tazara tsakanin babban bass ba ya canzawa, wanda ke faruwa ta hanyar ɗaukar kaya ta yadda styring da rotor suna da zukata daban-daban. .

(2) Yanayin halin yanzu mai hawa uku bai daidaita ba.Wannan shi ne dalilin rashin kasa ƙasa, gajeriyar da'ira, ko rashin mu'amalar iska mai hawa uku, idan sautin ya gaji, motar tana da nauyi fiye da kima ko kuma baya aiki.

(3) Bakin karfe ya saki.The motor a aiki saboda vibration na baƙin ƙarfe core kayyade aron kusa sako-sako da, sakamakon da baƙin ƙarfe core silicon karfe takardar sako-sako da, yin amo.

2. Don ɗaukar surutu, ya kamata a kula da shi akai-akai yayin aikin mota.Hanyar saurare ita ce: ƙarshen sukudireba a kan wurin da ake ɗaurewa, ɗayan ƙarshen kusa da kunne, za ku iya jin sautin motsi.Idan na'urar tana aiki akai-akai, sautinsa yana ci gaba kuma ƙarami "yashi" sautin, ba za a sami canje-canje a tsayi da ƙananan juzu'i da ƙarfe ba.Sauti masu zuwa ba al'ada ba ne.

(1) Yin aiki yana da sautin "ƙuƙumma", wanda shine sautin juzu'i na ƙarfe, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da rashin man fetur, ya kamata a bude abin da ke cike da adadin mai.

(2) Idan akwai sautin “mile”, wannan shine sautin ƙwallon idan ta juya, yawanci saboda bushewar mai ko rashin mai, ana iya cika shi da adadin mai.

(3) Idan sautin "kaka" ko "ƙuƙuwa" ya faru, sautin yana fitowa ne ta hanyar motsin ƙwallo a cikin abin da ba daidai ba, wanda ya haifar da lalacewa ga ƙwallan da ke cikin bearings ko amfani da mota na dogon lokaci. da bushewar maiko.

3. Idan na'urar watsawa da injin tuƙi suna yin ci gaba maimakon ƙarar sauti da ƙaranci, ana iya bi da su a cikin waɗannan lokuta.

(1) Sautin “popping” na lokaci-lokaci wanda ya haifar da santsin mai haɗin bel.

(2) Sautin “karkaɗe” na lokaci-lokaci, wanda ke faruwa ta hanyar sassautawa tsakanin mahaɗa biyu ko ƙafafun bel da sanduna, da kuma ta hanyar sa maɓalli ko hanyoyin maɓalli.

(3) Sautin karo marar daidaituwa, wanda ya haifar da murfin fanka karo na ganyen iska.

Uku, kamshi

Hakanan ana iya tantance kurakuran da kuma hana su ta hanyar warin mota.Idan an sami warin fenti na musamman, zafin cikin motar ya yi yawa sosai, kuma idan an sami manna mai nauyi ko ƙamshi mai ƙamshi, ƙila murfin ya karye ko iskar ta ƙone.

Hudu, taɓa

Taɓa yanayin zafin wasu sassan motar kuma na iya tantance musabbabin laifin.Don tabbatar da aminci, lokacin taɓa bayan hannun don taɓa mahalli na motar, bearings a kusa da sashin, idan an sami yanayin zafi mara kyau, dalilan na iya zama masu zuwa.

1. Rashin samun iska.Kamar zubar da fanka, toshewar bututun iska, da sauransu.

2. Yawan lodi.Yana sa wutar lantarki ta yi tsayi da yawa kuma yana sa iskan Tyrone yayi zafi sosai.

3. Gajeren kewayawa ko rashin daidaituwa na lokaci uku tsakanin iskar tator.

4. Fara ko birki akai-akai.

5. Idan yanayin zafi a kusa da abin da aka yi da shi ya yi yawa, yana iya zama lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewa ko rashin man fetur.

Saurin saurin mitoci

Babban Motar DC maras gogewa shine ainihin motar servo, wanda ya ƙunshi injin aiki tare da direba, kuma injin mai saurin mitar mitar ne.Motar DC maras goga tare da ƙa'idar ƙarfin lantarki mai canzawa shine injin DC maras goge a ainihin ma'anar kalmar, ya ƙunshi styrings da rotors, stalects an yi su da zuciyoyin ƙarfe, kuma coils suna jujjuya tare da "shun-inverse-reverse-reverse… ", wanda ya haifar da ƙungiyoyin NS Kafaffen filin maganadisu, rotor ya ƙunshi magnetin silindical (tsakiyar tare da shaft), ko ta hanyar lantarki da zoben lantarki, wannan motar DC maras goge tana iya haifar da juzu'i, amma ba zai iya sarrafa jagora ba, a kowane hali, wannan motar. ƙirƙira ce mai ma'ana sosai.Lokacin da a matsayin janareta na DC, ƙirƙira na iya samar da dc halin yanzu tare da ci gaba da girma, don haka guje wa yin amfani da capacitors na tacewa, rotor na iya zama maganadisu na dindindin, burgewar gogewa ko tashin hankali mara gogewa.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi azaman babban motar motsa jiki, motar za ta haifar da jin kai, 900 kuma ana buƙatar na'urar kariya.

Ci gaban cikin gida

Alkaluman da suka dace sun nuna cewa mafi girman haɓakar samfuran samfuran gabaɗaya, sauran samfuran samfuran motoci na musamman da aka samo suma suna da haɓaka mafi girma, alal misali, injin girgiza, injin girgizar girgiza, injin mitar mitar mai canzawa, injin lif, injin mai da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa, gyare-gyaren allura. motsawar injiniya da lantarki, injina na magnetic synchronous motors, AC servo Motors da sauransu.Sabbin haɓaka samfur kuma sun sami sakamako na ban mamaki.Motar "Zafi da Sanyi" Y3 mai hawa uku mai daidaitacce wanda aka haɓaka a lokacin "Shirin Shekaru Biyar na Biyar" ya wuce ƙimar ƙwararru a cikin Afrilu2002 kuma ana haɓakawa a cikin ƙasa baki ɗaya.Bugu da kari, a cikin babban da aka samu jerin sanyi-birgima silicon karfe takardar maye gurbin samfurin ci gaban aikin kuma a kan hanya, kamar high-inganci motor jerin, low amo low vibration motor jerin, low-ƙarfin wuta high-ikon motor jerin, IP23 low - jerin motocin lantarki.

Tare da karuwar gasa a cikin masana'antar kera motoci, haɗin gwiwa da saye da haɗin gwiwa tare da babban aiki a tsakanin manyan masana'antar kera motoci suna ƙaruwa akai-akai, kuma fitattun masana'antar kera motoci a gida da waje suna ba da kulawa sosai ga binciken. a kan kasuwar masana'antu, musamman ma zurfin nazarin yanayin ci gaba da yanayin buƙatun abokin ciniki.Saboda wannan, adadi mai yawa na cikin gida da na waje ingantattun samfuran motoci da sauri sun tashi, kuma a hankali sun zama jagoran masana'antar kera motoci.

Masana harkokin masana'antu sun yi nuni da cewa, a lokacin "Shirin shekaru biyar na biyar", saboda saurin bunkasuwar tattalin arzikin kasa, samar da kanana da matsakaitan kayayyakin lantarki fiye da na asali "Shirin shekaru biyar na biyar" ya ba da shawara mai girma. shirin girma.

Akwai fiye da haka.Haɓaka haɗin gwiwar masana'antu, haɗin kanana da matsakaita na masana'antar motoci na labule an buɗe.Akwai kusan masana'antun lantarki 2000 manya da kanana a kasar Sin, kuma ko da yake yawan kamfanoni yana da yawa, amma adadi ne na kananan masana'antu.Masana sun nuna cewa saboda yawan masana'antun, manyan samar da kayayyaki, suna samar da daidaiton juna game da yanayin gasar farashin kasuwa.Ingancin samfur bai yi daidai ba, gasar farashin juna, ribar masana'antu ba ta da yawa da sauran al'amura, ya zama babban dalilin da ke shafar rayuwa da ci gaban masana'antar motoci.

Motar kanta samfurin ne mai ƙwazo, ba har zuwa wani sikelin samarwa yana da wahalar samar da fa'ida, don haka ribar masana'antar ba ta da yawa, masana'antar sarrafa motoci ta ƙasa tana ɗaukar ma'aikata kusan 300,000, a cikin 2003 masana'antar ta sami ribar miliyan 280 kacal. yuan.An fahimci cewa hatta a wasu kamfanoni masu inganci, ribar da ake samu ba ta kai kashi 5 cikin dari ba.A lokaci guda, saboda yawancin tsarin samar da ƙananan masana'antu ba ya kusa, masana'antar mota har yanzu tana da babban adadin ƙarancin ingancin samfur.Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, kamfanonin sarrafa motoci na kasar Sin sun ragu, da kayayyakin da ba su da kyau, da kayayyakin gyare-gyare, da sauran munanan asara a matsakaicin kashi 10%, yayin da kasashen waje masu ci gaban masana'antu na kera motoci suka fadi da kashi 0.3%.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masana'antun lantarki na kasar Sin sun sami damar samar da kayayyaki masu yawa, matakin samar da kayayyaki, masu inganci, fasahohin zamani da na'urori masu inganci.Duk da haka, babu wanda ke da babban kaso na kasuwar cikin gida.Kananan da matsakaita-sized Motors ba su kafa wani kasa da kasa tasiri na iri.Masana'antar motsa jiki na buƙatar gaggawar sake haɗawa, rayuwa mai dacewa, wanda ya zama yanayin ci gaban masana'antar injin.Masana sun yi nuni da cewa, duk da cewa sana’ar mota tsohuwar sana’a ce ta gargajiya, amma duk wani fanni na rayuwa da ke tallafa wa injina na da matukar muhimmanci.Bugu da ƙari, wasu manyan kamfanonin lantarki sun rufe babban yanki, wanda ke cikin wuri mai kyau, bayan haɗuwa, zai kawo fa'idodi masu yawa da albarkatun kuɗi.

Manufar muhalli

Gyara Murya

Domin aiwatar da "tsarin shekaru biyar" na majalisar gudanarwar kasar Sin karo na 12, da ra'ayoyin da suka shafi kara saurin bunkasuwar masana'antun kiyaye makamashi da kare muhalli, da rahoton nazari kan hasashen da sauye-sauye da inganta bukatun samarwa da tallace-tallace na kasar Sin. Masana'antar Kera Motocin Lantarki, jagorar samarwa da haɓaka kayan aikin inji da na lantarki (samfuran), haɗa ainihin aikin ceton makamashi da rage iska na masana'antu da masana'antar sadarwa, kuma a ba da shawarar, bita na ƙwararru da tallata ta hanyar sassan da suka cancanta. na masana'antu da fasahar sadarwa da masana'antu masu alaƙa a wurare daban-daban.Kas ɗin ya ƙunshi jimillar ƙira 344 a cikin nau'ikan 9.Daga cikin su, masu canza wuta 96, injin lantarki 59 samfuri, masana'antar tukunyar jirgi 21, injunan walda 77, injin firiji 43, compressors 27 samfuran samfuran, injin filastik 5 model, fan 13 model, zafi magani 3 model.

Littafin yana aiki na tsawon shekaru uku daga ranar da aka buga.A cikin lokacin inganci, idan an sami babban ƙirƙira a cikin fasahar samfur da kuma babban canji a cikin ƙa'idodin ƙima, kamfanin zai sake bayyana.^[2]

Matakan kariya

Gyara Murya

(1) Kafin cirewa, busa ƙurar da ke saman motar tare da matsewar iska sannan a goge dattin saman.

(2) Zaɓi wurin da motar ta rushe kuma tsaftace yanayin filin.

(3) Ku kasance da masaniya da halaye na tsarin motar da kuma buƙatun fasaha don kiyayewa.

(4) Shirya kayan aikin (ciki har da kayan aiki na musamman) da kayan aikin da ake buƙata don tarwatsewa.

(5) Don ƙara fahimtar lahani a cikin aikin motar, ana iya yin gwajin gwaji kafin cirewa lokacin da yanayi ya kasance.Don wannan karshen, motar za ta zama gwajin gwaji, cikakken bincike na sassan motar na zafin jiki, sauti, girgizawa da sauran yanayi, da gwajin ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu, gudu, da dai sauransu, sannan kuma cire haɗin kaya, dubawar kaya na daban. gwajin, auna fanko halin yanzu da kuma m load asarar, yi mai kyau rikodin.

(6) Yanke wutar lantarki, cire wayoyi na waje na motar, da yin rikodi mai kyau.

(7) Gwada juriya na rufin motar tare da mitar meE tare da madaidaiciyar ƙarfin lantarki.Don kwatanta ƙimar juriya na rufin da aka auna a sabis na ƙarshe don tantance yanayin insulation na mota da matsayin insulation, ƙimar juriya da aka auna a yanayin zafi daban-daban yakamata a canza su zuwa zazzabi iri ɗaya, gabaɗaya zuwa digiri 75.

(8) Gwajin shayarwa K. Lokacin da rabon sha ya fi girma fiye da 1.33, murfin motar ba a damped ko ba a damp mai tsanani.Domin kwatantawa da bayanan da suka gabata, ƙimar sha da aka auna a kowane zafin jiki kuma ana canza shi zuwa zafin jiki iri ɗaya.